Journal of Orofacial Rehabilitation
Year 2025
Vol 5 Issue 1
1. Editorial l J Orofacial Rehabilitation. 2025 May;5(1):1-2.
DOI: : 10.5281/zenodo.15557803
Pterygoid Implants: An answer to maxillary rehabilitation.
Arka Swarnakar.
2. Original Research l J Orofacial Rehabilitation. 2025 May;5(1):3-11.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15557573
An in-vitro study to evaluate the accuracy of master casts obtained from different transfer impression techniques for a multi-unit implant restoration using two different impression materials evaluated by a 3-D optical scanner.
Prerna Kaushik, Manesh Lahori, Shikha Shahi, Siddharth Sisodiya, Abhinav Agarwal, Neha Srivastava.
Abstract
Background: The precise transfer of implant positions from the oral cavity to the working cast is critical for the passive fit of implant-supported prostheses. This study aimed to evaluate and compare the accuracy of master casts obtained through various impression techniques using two elastomeric materials—Polyvinyl Siloxane (PVS) and Polyether (PE)—assessed using a 3D optical scanning system (DWOS).
Materials and Methods: An edentulous maxillary reference model with four internal connection implants was used. Forty impressions were made using custom trays and categorized into eight groups (n=5 each) based on impression technique (closed/open tray), coping modification (non-modified, sandblasted, or splinted), and impression material (PVS or PE). Master casts were fabricated from each impression, and positional accuracy of implant analogues was evaluated using a DWOS 3D scanner by measuring horizontal distances between implants 2–3 and 1–4. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA.
Results: The mean reference distances between implants 2–3 and 1–4 were 1.308″ and 2.748″, respectively. Although variations were observed across different groups, the differences in accuracy were not statistically significant. Splinted copings exhibited the highest accuracy, followed by sandblasted and non-modified copings. Polyether impressions showed slightly better agreement with the reference model, but the difference was not statistically significant.
Conclusion: Within the limitations of this in vitro study, both PVS and PE impression materials yielded clinically acceptable accuracy in transferring implant positions. Non-splinted, non-modified impression copings provided comparable results, offering a simpler and more time-efficient approach. Further clinical studies are necessary to validate these findings under intraoral conditions.
Keywords: 3D Optical Scanning, Dental Implants, Impression Techniques, Impression Materials, Prosthetic Fit.
3. Original Research l J Orofacial Rehabilitation. 2025 May;5(1):12-23.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15557289
Comparative evaluation of the effects of number and distribution of implants upon in vitro dislodging forces to a simulated implant supported overdenture and to examine difference between two different attachment systems: An in vitro study.
Saurabh Pratap Singh, Rahul Nagrath, Manesh Lahori, Siddharth Sisodiya, Prerna Kaushik, Shikha Shahi.
Abstract
Background: Edentulous patients often face challenges with conventional mandibular complete dentures, including poor stability, retention, and compromised masticatory function, leading to discomfort and dissatisfaction. Implant-retained overdentures offer a promising solution, improving function and comfort. Two-implant-supported mandibular overdentures have become the standard of care due to their cost-effectiveness and favorable outcomes compared to fixed implant prostheses.
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the impact of varying implant numbers and their distribution on dislodging forces of implant-supported overdentures, comparing the performance of ball and locator attachment systems in vitro.
Methodology: An ideal mandibular stone cast was used to fabricate a denture, and implant analogs were placed in various locations of the cast. Ball and locator attachment systems were installed on the analogs. The study assessed four groups with different numbers of implants (1 to 4) across nine locations on the mandible. The overdenture was tested for dislodging forces in three directions: vertical, anteroposterior, and oblique, using a Universal Testing Machine (UTM).
Results: The study found that increased implant numbers and optimal distribution of implants improved retention. Locator attachments provided superior retention under vertical dislodgement, while ball attachments performed better under oblique and anteroposterior forces. The highest retention was observed in four-implant-supported overdentures, particularly in the IV-CA/P2 region.
Conclusion: The study concluded that both implant number and distribution significantly affect overdenture retention. Locator attachments were superior to ball attachments in all positions tested, particularly for vertical dislodgement. The findings suggest that the OD-1 protocol, with implants placed in the canine and second premolar positions, offers an effective and cost-effective solution for implant-supported overdentures.
Keywords: Ball attachments, Implant-supported overdentures, Locator attachments, Prosthetic retention, Universal Testing Machine.
4. Review Article l J Orofacial Rehabilitation. 2025 May;5(1):24-30.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15556925
Implant abutment screw loosening and management: A narrative review.
Lizy Teena A, Jayasree Bhaduri, V. Vidyashree Nandini
Abstract
Objective: To provide knowledge and to understand the causes, clinical impact and management of implant abutment screw loosening.
Background: Implant-supported prostheses are a cornerstone of restorative dentistry due to their high success rates and functional outcomes. Abutment screw loosening, a common mechanical complication remains a challenge, particularly in posterior single-implant restorations and systems with external connections.
Methodology: An electronic search of various published articles were collected from PubMed and Google Scholar and reviewed systematically between 1995 and 2025 years.
Discussion: Abutment screw loosening is influenced by preload loss, connection design, material properties, and occlusal forces. Various studies have highlighted the importance of optimized torque, coated screws, and sealing agents. Internal and conical connections offer superior stability, reducing micromovements and enhancing long-term implant success.
Conclusion: Despite advancements, abutment screw loosening remains a clinical concern. Literature highlights the need for standardized protocols and long-term studies to improve prevention, emphasizing the importance of focused research and clearer clinical guidelines.
Keywords: Abutment screw loosening, Dental implants, Implant-abutment connection, Preload.
5. Case Report l J Orofacial Rehabilitation. 2025 May;5(1):31-34.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15556851
A prosthodontic intervention in smile correction of a palatal cleft- A case report.
Deepa Jayashankar, Lipi Bardia.
Abstract
Cleft lip and palate defects are frequently encountered in our dental practices. The etiology of the defect is multifactorial and it is important to educate and create awareness of the treatment. Though many cases are treated surgically in infancy, many require a multidisciplinary approach for correction of the maligned teeth later in life. As the esthetic demands of the patient increases, they seek out for better treatment options. Surgical intervention with bone grafting is often done, to correct the defects along with orthodontic correction of malposed teeth. Nevertheless, prosthodontic intervention with conservative approach is widely accepted by the patients to correct the defect and replace the missing teeth along the site of defect. This article describes a treatment plan, with a prosthodontic correction of smile and replacement of maligned teeth with the help of a fixed denture prosthesis. It was accepted by the patient and the fixed dental prosthesis (FDP) improved the functional and esthetic demands of the patient.
Keywords– Cleft palate, Cast partial denture, Fixed dental prosthesis, Fixed partial denture.
6. Case Report l J Orofacial Rehabilitation. 2025 May;5(1):35-39.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15549359
Onlay restoration with direct metal laser sintering technology: A digital approach to prosthetic repair.
Ujjal Chatterjee, Sumit Kumar Roy, Monika Kumari, Surupa Dutta.
Abstract
Introduction: Full-mouth rehabilitation aims to restore function, aesthetics, and occlusion in patients with extensive dental wear, damage, or previous prosthetic failure. The selection of materials and techniques significantly influences the long-term success of the prosthesis.
Case characteristics: A patient reported to the department with chief complaints of a fractured porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) bridge. After evaluating the dislodged prosthesis, an intraoral scan of the existing condition was performed. A digital workflow was utilized to design a new onlay restoration. A Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS) metal framework was fabricated and tried in the patient’s mouth, followed by PFM layering. The final prosthesis was cemented using resin cement and occlusion was carefully adjusted.
Conclusion: The integration of digital dentistry and DMLS technology provides a precise and efficient approach to rehabilitate prosthetic failures. This case highlights the importance of digital scanning, CAD-CAM designing, and metal laser sintering in achieving optimal prosthetic outcomes.
Keywords: Digital Dentistry, Direct Metal Laser Sintering, Full-mouth rehabilitation, Porcelain-fused-to-metal, Prosthetic Failure.
7. Case Report l J Orofacial Rehabilitation. 2025 May;5(1):40-45.
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.15548547
Tooth-Supported Maxillary Overdentures: Revisiting Concepts and Applications.
Arjita Dutta, Harsha Bhansali, Sunil Pal, Vedant Dhananjay Kulkarni.
Abstract
Tooth-supported maxillary overdentures offer a practical and biologically favourable solution for partially edentulous patients, preserving alveolar bone and enhancing proprioception. This case report highlights the rehabilitation of a maxillary arch using retained natural teeth as abutments, emphasizing improved prosthesis stability, patient comfort, and masticatory efficiency. Endodontic treatment and copings were utilized to support the overdenture. The approach is cost-effective and particularly beneficial for patients unsuitable for implants. Successful outcomes depend on appropriate case selection, meticulous planning, and regular follow-up. This technique integrates preventive prosthodontic principles for optimal functional
and aesthetic restoration.
Keywords– Overdenture, Residual ridge resorption, Retention, Support.